Flooding is the flooding of an area caused by natural or man-made factors. Flooding is usually caused by rising water levels in natural bodies of water.
Instructions
Step 1
Most often, floods occur due to heavy rainfall or melting glaciers. Occasionally, flooding can be caused by blockage of the river bed caused by the accumulation of large amounts of ice. Strong wind currents bring water from the sea, which does not have time to flow through the channel. This causes a sharp rise in the water level in certain areas.
Step 2
Flooding in coastal areas close to seas and oceans can be caused by underwater earthquakes. Usually, these natural phenomena cause tsunamis - long waves, the height of which can reach several hundred meters. In the territory of the former Soviet Union, extensive floods were observed on the Volga and Dnieper.
Step 3
There is a classification of floods. The types of these phenomena are determined in accordance with the cause of their occurrence.
Mash floods are common in winter and early spring. They are characterized by a sharp short-term rise in the water level in small areas. Sometimes such floods lead to severe destruction.
Surge floods can occur at any time of the year. The reasons for their occurrence are strong wind activity and the absence of a wide channel for the outflow of water.
Step 4
The most devastating floods are caused by the breakthrough of platinum and dams. Such phenomena are relatively rare, but they lead to human casualties and extensive destruction of buildings and infrastructure. Sometimes such floods can be caused by accidental discharge of water from reservoirs and earthquakes, which led to the breakthrough of a natural or artificial dam.
Step 5
In large cities, flooding affects mainly road surfaces, basements and first floors of buildings. To prevent floods, special reservoirs and protective dams are being created.
