In the eyes of ordinary citizens, the astronaut is a romantic profession full of adventure. In fact, everything is much more complicated. In order to work in orbit for a short time, astronauts have to work very hard and hard on the ground.
Instructions
Step 1
It should be noted that not everyone can become astronauts. The fact is that the space agencies of not every country can send people into space. In addition, most countries in the world simply do not allocate enough money for this. Representatives of China, the United States and Russia most often fly into space, so the citizenship of these countries plays an important role.
Step 2
Indicators such as age and height are of great importance in the selection of astronauts. ESA only sends people 27-37 years old into orbit, but NASA is more prone to people age, their criterion is 26-46 years. However, the average age of astronauts is 34 years. But the growth rates of these two organizations are almost the same. ESA has 153 to 190 centimeters, NASA 157 to 191 centimeters.
Step 3
In general, there are three main ways to enter astronautics. The first is to graduate from a good technical college and go to work for a rocket and space corporation. After a person thoroughly studies the structure and capabilities of various spaceships, he can submit an application to the state commission that trains cosmonauts.
Step 4
The second method is similar to the first, but you will not have to master technical specialties, but natural sciences. In orbit, people who are professionally versed in biology are now required, but there is also a considerable demand for physicists.
Step 5
The third way is through military aviation. You can apply for astronauts only after a person has flown more than 350 hours and made more than 160 parachute jumps. As a rule, such people are rarely enrolled in the team, since there is not enough knowledge in other fields of science necessary for flying into space.
Step 6
After the application, it is time for tests. Moreover, one has to pass tests not only for knowledge, but also for physical and psychological health. In addition, they check the entire history of the applicant. If there is even a small unpaid fine in the traffic police, then a person will no longer become an astronaut.
Step 7
Then comes a series of preparatory courses. In different countries and in different periods, these methods differ markedly. Preparation usually consists of three stages: physical (speed simulators, orientation in space, artificial weightlessness), main work (theoretical and practical training for the purposes of the expedition) and simulation of situations (takeoff, landing, and so on).
Step 8
And even after such preparation, not all of them go into space. Sometimes people have to wait 10-15 years to finally get into orbit. They always choose the most suitable person for a given task. Moreover, only a few centimeters of growth can become a decisive factor.
